Figurative Language
Figure of Speech: Phrase that does not mean its literal implication. "It's raining cats and dogs."
Figurative Speech: language that goes beyond the literal meaning of words, commonly using similes, metaphors, and personification
Simile: compares two subjects using as, like, or than. "As big as a bus."
Metaphor: comparison that implies meaning, a figurative and literal side.
Personification: Giving human attributes to non-human subjects. "The sun smiled upon the earth."
Apostrophe: Addressing something non-human as if it were human.
Synecdoche: Using a part to mean or describe a whole.
Metonymy: Uses something similar to represent something
Symbol: Something that represents something else
Allegory: A work of literature used concretely to describe another issue or meaning. ex. Pilgrim's Progress
Paradox: apparent contradiction that actually makes sense. Often works due to double meaning or figurative meaning of one word or a phrase.
Hyperbole: a gross exaggeration
Sarcasm- Harsh, sharp form of wit.
Satire- Mocking or ridiculing literature intended to cause change
verbal irony- Stating the opposite of what one really means
Dramatic irony- The difference between what the is said and what a piece actually means.
situational irony: the difference between what a reader expects and what actually occurs.
Help: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FYq2d7iKKhk
The Rhetorical Situation
Rhetoric: The art of communication
Rhetorical Situation: The context for an act of communication
Elements of the Rhetorical Situation:
Subject- What is the topic?
Audience- Who is receiving the communication?
Purpose- What is the point of the communication?
Speaker- How is the communicator presenting and acting?
Argument
A method of persuasion writing
Thesis: Central argument the piece is trying to persuade the reader of
Claim: Supports thesis
Warrant: Ties the evidence to the claim
Evidence: Hard facts and examples that support the claim and therefore the thesis
help on this topic: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/545/01/
Sources
Perrine
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